According to hostgator review, the agency had been started in the present CEO’s dorm room in 2002. Almost A decade have passed, as well as the company has grown to cover a 4-storey building as well as function over 2 hundred nations. Few, if any, have reputable issues any longer given that the client services are on top of its sport and also prepared to handle various queries in a quickly, efficient method.

Customers will get Internet hosting for discussed machines, VPS, as well as hosting. Reseller accounts, permitting users to offer an unlimited quantity of Hostgator domains under their own manufacturer and logo design, are offered also. In the awareness of keeping up with your competition, HostGator delivers numerous free add-ons and also unlimited items. As much as 4,500 Web site templates can be obtained cost-free as well as an easy to customize site-building tool. All shared-server deals include free disk room as well as free data transfer, inspite of the low commencing value on the most affordable account of $ 3.96 for the very first month. Incorporated with these bundles is $ 100 of free credit in the direction of a Google Adwords account. The site offers a 99.9% uptime assurance along with a 45-day money-back offer. Business plans hold the extra extra of a totally free toll-free number and personal vouchers for SSL as well as Ip address. Reseller accounts obtain an extra ebook concerning how to get going in starting a reseller or Web hosting enterprise.

We quite often hear a lot regarding Cell Phone Spyware but not a lot of us experience how it really works. Cell phone spyware is software program that records call logs, browsing details as well as texts. Miracle traffic bot was discovered in the year 2006 and it has been expanding as well since then. Cellular phone spy ware tracks your cell phone action and also sends it to the thirty party. The software is made in a way that you can take out the facts of text messages entirely even if it has been eliminated from the mailbox for whatever reasons. This type of application do not need to always be saved to obtain an entry to your personal information by random hackers. It has been utilised quite frequently by public. It really is thought to be something in order to youngsters, disloyal husbands and wives and employees. This particular sophisticated computer software has an power to intercept equally incoming as well as outbound text messages along with call details. Call details could be furnished with length and time history with the aid of cell phone spy ware. This software also helps with locating where you are. Live interactions can also be used with the help of cellphone spy ware. It is stated that there are several mobile phone available in the market that has this kind of software program currently installed.

Malware

Malware is unauthorized code that interferes with the operating system and harms files. The most common ways to get malware is from visiting harmful Web sites, downloading files, and using infected media. Malware can be divided into three categories:

Virus

A virus is the most familiar term to the average computer user. Like it sounds, a computer virus operates similar to a biological virus. A virus infects executable applications and then reproduces itself when the host shares files that are later launched. A virus may contain large payloads of data; which then eats up your computer’s resources, causing the common symptoms of very slow operating speeds.

Worm

A worm is often referred to by casual users as a virus. A worm and a virus are very similar except a worm can spread itself without the assistance of the user. This means other computers can be affected without anyone clicking or executing the infected programs. Worms are the most common form of cyber-attack covered by the media. The speed and breath of their spread is astonishing. The 2001 Nimda worm is a famous example. The computer worm was launched on September 18, 2001 and still holds the record of most widespread worm in 22 minutes.[1] It attacked all Windows operating systems and could be spread by email, websites, open network shares, and backdoors. According to a report released by the anti-virus company Sophos in September of 2001, the Nimda worm and a similar Sircam worm accounts for 50% of all reports that year.[2]

Trojan

A Trojan (also known as Trojan Horse) is a disguised program. Trojans often appear to be doing a legitimate task when in fact they are carrying out a different task coded by the designer. Trojans have become the most popular form of malware: In a survey by BitDefender in August of 2009, “Trojan-type malware is on the rise, accounting for 83-percent of the global malware detected in the wild”.[3]

Malware ranges in harm from benign to very harmful. As most of us have probably experienced, having excessive malware on our computers causes significant operating problems and may result in loss of our data files. Surprisingly, the creation of malware is actually protected by the First Amendment of the United States Constitution under free speech. Only posting it online and otherwise distributing it is illegal. However, this doesn’t prevent people from using this harmful and popular form of cyber attack.

Fraud

Fraud is defined by Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary as “an act of deceiving or misrepresenting”.[4] In terms of Internet fraud there are several types that most people encounter:

Credit Card Fraud Credit cards are now almost indispensable for the ordinary consumer. With the bloom of the Internet, credit cards are often used for online purchases and bill payments. Credit card fraud involves using technology to gain access to credit card numbers which are then used to make unauthorized purchases.

The phenomenon known as “carding” involves using computer programs to generate fake and real credit card numbers. Common ways of committing credit card fraud include setting up fake merchandise websites, fake auctions, or other sites that entice users to enter their credit card information. Bots, which are automated programs, are then used to “harvest” or collect credit card numbers from unsuspecting users.

Identity Theft

Identity theft is the act of using personal information to act as an impostor of another person. Anytime you input personal information such as address, phone number, name, social security number, or drivers license number, you may increase your chance of identity theft.

One common strategy that cybercriminals employ is sending emails that appear to be legitimate. For example, you may receive an email from PayPal that something is wrong with your account and you need to update your information at such and such link. The link will then direct you to a fake website (which appears to be legitimate) where the cybercriminal can document the personal information you inputed. For this reason, many legitimate companies will tell you when you sign up that they will never request passwords or personal information via email.

Disaster Relief Fraud

After the a natural disaster such as Hurricane Katrina or the tsunami in Indonesia, many charities and NGOs rush to raise funds and help the victims. While most of these organizations are legitimate, some exploit human sympathy for fraudulent purposes. For example, people may ask for donations to XYZ charity for disaster relief. Well-meaning donors then donate money to these “charities” which just pocket the money.

Phishing, Spoofing, & Spimming

Email and web spoofing involves using email messages or websites that appear legitimate to obtain a user’s personal information. Spoofing is used in the above example of one way to gain access to personal information to commit identity theft fraud. Email spoofs are also known as “phishing”. Phishing emails usually disguise themselves as from a legitimate business such as a bank or utility company. Web site spoofs are often used in conjunction with phishing emails that lure users to the links directing them to the fake websites.

Instances of phishing and spoofing have evolved to be even more insidious.

For example, “In October of 2004 the firm [MessageLabs] detected a phishing scam designed to capture online banking details without requiring users to respond or click on a Web site link. Instead, users only had to open an email, which activated a computer program that attempted to rewrite certain files on their computers”. [5]

Email scams can come in all assortments.  For example, you may receive an email from a stranger that outlines a dire situation or story. Then they request you to do a certain action, such as help them transfer money, in return for a large financial reward. The instant messaging equivalent schemes are referred to as “spimming”.

Denial of Service

A denial of service (DoS) attack is targeted to prevent authorized users from using a computer or services. DoS attacks can either be carried out by interfering with the physical components of the computer system or by overloading system resources such a hard drive space or bandwidth capacity.

Spamming

Spamming is originally termed from a Monty Python sketch based off of the luncheon meat Spam. Email spam is the most common form of spam, although mass text messages are forming the new wave of spam. Spam is generally targeted to users based on the kinds of Websites he/she frequents. The web site a user visits is tracked by cookies. For example, if a user who visits a lot of pornography sites will be targeted by spam advertising sex-enhancement drugs.

Adware & Spyware

Adware is a type of program that causes unsolicited popup advertisements to occur. Many adware programs are capable of producing manufacturer pop-up ads, changing the contents of a start-up menu, or changing the designated Web browser home page set by a user to a Web site advertising particular products or services”.[5]

Spyware is designed to “monitor, track, and record the computing activities of a user”.[5] Spyware is different from adware since its primary goal is not to create unsolicited advertisements but to “spy” on the activities of the user.

Packet Sniffing

Packet sniffing is the Internet equivalent of “eavesdropping” on a conversation. Cybercriminals use packet sniffing to intercept data in transit between computers. Anyone one on a wireless network can easily use a sniffer to detect and read the information in transit if the data is unencrypted. Email and web traffic are by default not encrypted. Large public wireless networks increase the chances that your data is packet sniffed. This is because the network is freely available and generally not secure.

Port Scanning

Port scanning is monitoring a computer’s “port” to determine what applications and services it has access to. A port is used by computers to receive incoming traffic signals. The computer then sends back a reply to acknowledge the message. By sending short transmissions to all of a computer’s open ports, a cybercriminal can determine the all the applications a computer is running. Using this knowledge, a cybercriminal can then plan a strategy of attack. Port scanning is also known as operational system profiling/application fingerprinting.

Wardriving/Warwalking

Wardriving/warwalkign refers to the act of driving/walking around a public area using laptop computers to look for non-secure wireless networks to gain free Internet access, obtain corporate trade secrets, or capture data in transit. Cybercriminals could also use the networks to conduct criminal activities online such as child pornography or cyber attacks.

Password cracking

Password cracking is figuring out the passwords to electronic devices and services. Password cracking methods range from simply guessing a user’s password based on environmental clues to complex algorithms that are capable of generating millions of passwords within a short time period.

Keylogger

A keylogger is a form of spyware that documents all the keyboard strokes of a user. These keyboard inputs can then be scanned to look for passwords and personal data.

Online harassment

Online harassment takes two forms, direct and indirect: “Direct harassment via the Internet can take the form of threatening or massive amounts of emails or instant messages, electronic sabotage, or distributing malware to targeted individuals. Indirect harassment may include impersonating people online, sending spam in their names, subscribing them to unwanted mailing lists, or posting false and/or unauthorized information about them on the Web, and doing so in a way that further leads to their being sent harassing messages online by other parties”.[5]

Online harassment includes cyberbullying and cyberstalking. One famous incident of cyberbullying involves the use of the popular social network site, MySpace. Megan Meier, a 13-year-old girl, used MySpace to chat with and develop an online relationship with a teenage boy named Josh Evans. After over a month of correspondence, Josh ended his relationship with Megan and sent vile insults such as “Megan Meier is a slut”. She killed herself a day later.[6]

It turns out Josh Evans did not exist. Instead, the account was used by a neighbor, her daughter, and someone else to bully Megan.

As society becomes more and more technological, both the instances and gravity of computer crimes are bound to rise quickly. As users of the Internet, we need to protect ourselves from these malicious cybercriminals. I hope this article has given you an introductory understanding of the types of computer crimes. Remember knowledge is the best defense against computer attacks.

References:

[1] “Nimda.” Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 22 July 2004. Web. 26 Jun. 2010.

[2] “Nimda Tops Virus Charts For 2001.” Sophos. Sophos Plc., 27 Nov. 2001. Web. 26 Jun. 2010.

[3] “BitDefender Malware and Spam Survey Finds E-Threats Adapting to Online Behavioral Trends.” BitDefender. BitDefender, 3 Aug. 2009. Web. 26 Jun. 2010.

[4] “Fraud.” Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster Inc. Web. 26 Jun. 2010.

[5] McQuade, Samuel. Understanding And Managing Cybercrime. Boston: Pearson Education, 2006. Print.

[6] Associated Press. “Mom: MySpace Hoax Leads to Daughter’s Suicide.” FoxNews.com. Fox News, 16 Nov. 2007. Web. 26 Jun. 2010.  

First, clarify your needs. Do you spend a lot of time at the computer, or do you spend more time meeting clients or producing product? If you’re a consultant, you may need to bring clients in to your office regularly; this would necessitate having a seating area for two or three people. If you’re a writer, you may only need a desk and a comfy chair in a quiet corner. The most important thing is to decide whether you need a full room or not, and where in the house it should go. Generally, a room away from the main flow of traffic is best, and one with good natural light all year is especially good. If you don’t have the space to dedicate an entire room (I sure don’t!), using a spare bedroom, dining room, or other similar light-use room can work fine.

Second, you need to figure out exactly what type of work will be done. If you write, you may spend most or all your working time at a computer, necessitating the need for a very good desk and chair, and proper storage for a myriad of computer equipment. If you produce hand crafts to sell, you’ll likely spend time both on the computer and creating your product, so you’ll need a computer workspace and an appropriate production space, complete with storage. If you’re a consultant who meets with clients regularly, you’ll need a good, clean computer area with a professional, comfortable seating area. These are just examples, but the important thing is to know exactly what will be going on in your office so you can properly furnish and arrange it.

Finally, you need to decide your furniture and storage needs. A large corner computer desk with plenty of shelving and drawers and a comfortable ergonomic chair may be perfect for someone who does a great deal of computer work, and needs to reference books, magazines, or other paperwork regularly. A small computer desk with just enough space for electronic devices, a large work table, and a good chair to use at both would work well for someone who produces their own goods. Storage products are quite varied, with everything from large drawer and shelving units, right down to small fabric boxes and bowls for small items. Make sure you consider what you frequently keep in your office and need to have at hand, and what you use less frequently and thus can be stored away from your workspace.

Setting up a home office can be easy or difficult, depending on how you approach it. It can also be made more difficult and stressful if you don’t take the time to plan ahead of making purchases. If you spend some time considering your needs, you can prevent headaches and difficulties down the road when you realize your space just isn’t working.

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